Maybe I am the fool bit aren’t these sentences missing an est-ce que?
There are multiple ways to construct a question in French.
For an intonation question you take an statement and just change the intonation in the end, just like you could do in English:
“You have a cat.” (statement) -> “You have a cat?” (question)
« Tu as un chat. » (statement) -> « Tu as un chat ? » (question)
To construct an inversion question, you take the statement and basically switch the subject and the predicate:
« Tu as un chat. » (statement) -> « As-tu un chat ? » (question)
As you see, you need to add a hyphen between the switched subject and predicate. If the switch would lead to two vocals directly after each other, you need an additional “-t-” to make it easier to pronounce:
« Elle a un chat. » (statement) -> « A-t-elle un chat ? » (question) (not « a-elle » )
The third variant is to use est-ce que. Here, you basically take the statement and put « est-ce que » in front:
« Tu as un chat. » (statement) -> « Est-ce que tu as un chat ? » (question)
You could imagine this form as saying “Is it that you have a cat?”.
All three forms basically mean the same, but are used in different registers. You might say they are of different levels of formality and politeness. The intonation question is the most informal, and additionally can carry a tone of disbelief (“Really? You have a cat?”). Questions with est-ce que are more formal, and inversion questions are the most formal of the three.
Spoken language is typically less formal than written language, for example books. In spoken French you typically use intonation questions or questions with est-ce que. In written French, you’d mostly find inversion questions.
There would be more to say about questions, for example where the question word (“who”, “why”, “what”, …) would go with each of the types. But that would be a topic of its own.
Thanks for your reply, and it does make sense. However the issue with Grammabot remains the same (and not just the ‘r’ missing from his name in the menu). The logical flow of question construction demands the question be written in a way that is not possible with the options given. I can see that the constructed French questions do make sense as questions, but defy what is taught. Hope that is more clear.
Hi Ayellis,
Thank you for spotting this, and you are right, although it is correct in French to ask a question without ‘est-ce que’, it makes more sense to keep it as an option to be included in this example. It has now been amended and you can choose to use it or not 
Enjoy learning!
Fanny de Memrise