Difference between 환영해요 and 환영?

What is the difference between using 환영해요 or just 환영?

Same question applying to 미안해요 versus just 미안.

One is a noun (the short one), the second is a verb (in Object + Verb construction).
It’s a Korean thing to make a noun into a verb if there isn’t a verb.

For example: telephone. It’s 전화 in Korean.
What is using a telephone in English? To call. But in Korean it’s 잔화하다.

해요 is of course just a form of 하다, what’s similar to the present simple in English. I suppose you are familiar with that.

Usually these nouns are imported from Chinese, and since Chinese doesn’t conjugate, they need a native Korean word to use it grammatically properly.

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I think I understand.Although Sorry doesn’t really have a verb form in English I get the idea. It’s more like stating I Am Sorry in this case?

Both adjectives and verbs can be counted as verbs in Korean